Unit 4
Reading A
Chinese Tea
1 Chinese people are believed to have enjoyed tea drinking for more than 4,000 years. Legend has it that Yan Di, one of the three rulers
in ancient times, tasted all kinds of herbs to find medical cures. One day, as he was being poisoned by some herb he had ingested, a
drop of water from a tea tree dripped into his mouth and he was saved. For a long time, tea was used as an herbal medicine. During the
Western Zhou Dynasty, it was a religious offering. During the Spring and Autumn Period, people ate fresh tea leaves as vegetables. With
the popularization of Buddhism from the Three Kingdoms to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the refreshing effect of tea made it a
favorite among monks in Za-Zen meditation.
据信，中国人饮茶已有 4000 多年的历史。传说炎帝是古代的三位统治者之一，他品尝了各种各样的草药来治病。有一天，他因为吃了
某种药草而中毒，一颗茶树上的水滴进了他的嘴里，他得救了。长期以来，茶被用作草药。西周时期，它是一种宗教祭品。在春秋时
期，人们吃新鲜的茶叶作为蔬菜。随着佛教从三国到南北朝的普及，茶的提神作用使其成为禅宗僧侣的最爱。
2 Tea as a drink prospered during the Tang Dynasty, and tea houses became popular. A major event of this time was the completion of
Tea Classics, the cornerstone of Chinese tea culture, by Lu Yu, Tea Sage of China. This little book details rules concerning various aspects
of tea, such as growth areas for tea trees, wares and skills for processing and tasting of tea, the history of Chinese tea and quotations
from other records, comments on tea from various places, and notes on when tea wares should be complete and when some wares could
be omitted.
茶作为一种饮料在唐代兴盛起来，茶馆也开始流行起来。这一时期的一件大事是中国茶圣陆羽完成了中国茶文化的基石——茶经。这
本小书细节规则关于茶的各个方面,如茶的增长领域树、产品和技能进行处理和品尝茶,中国茶的历史和引文来自其他记录,评论茶从不
同的地方,和笔记当茶产品时应该完整和一些商品可以省略。
3 Tinted by the cultural style of the Song Dynasty, tea culture at this time was delicate and sumptuous. New skills created many different
ways to enjoy tea. The Ming Dynasty laid the foundation for tea processing, types and drinking styles that we have inherited.
由于受到宋代文化风格的影响，这个时期的茶文化精致而华丽。新的技能创造了许多不同的方式来享受茶。明朝为我们所继承的茶的
加工、茶的种类和茶的饮用方式奠定了基础。
4 During the Qing Dynasty folk art entered tea houses, making them popular entertainment centers. This habit is still practiced in Chengdu,
Sichuan Province
清代民间艺术进入茶馆，使茶馆成为人们喜爱的娱乐场所。这种习惯在四川省成都市仍然存在。
5 During the Tang Dynasty, a Japanese monk brought tea seeds from Zhejiang Province to Japan. Later in the Southern Song Dynasty,
Zen masters brought tea procedures and wares from China to Japan, promoting the initiation of the Japanese tea ceremony. In the Song
Dynasty, Arabic merchants exported tea from Quanzhou, Fujian Province. In the Ming Dynasty, tea was sold to Southeast Asian and South
African countries. In 1610 it went to Europe via Macau in a Dutch merchant ship. Thus it became an international drink.
唐朝时，一位日本僧人把茶叶种子从浙江省带到日本。后来在南宋，禅师把茶道和茶具从中国带到日本，推动了日本茶道的兴起。在
宋代，阿拉伯商人从福建泉州出口茶叶。在明朝，茶叶被卖到东南亚和南非国家。1610 年，它乘坐荷兰商船经澳门前往欧洲。因此，
它成为了一种国际饮料。
6 There is no agreement on the classification of tea. It can be classified by procedure, quality, preparation methods, and so on. Here it is
classified by the method of processing.
对茶的分类没有一致意见。可按工艺、质量、制备方法等进行分类。这里按处理方法进行分类。
7 It is most popular in most places in China. It is the best drink for sultry summers as it is cool and fights off inflammation, or relieves
fever.
它在中国大部分地方都很受欢迎。它是炎炎夏日最好的饮料，因为它凉爽，可以对抗炎症，或缓解发烧。
8 Fresh tea leaves are baked to remove the bitter taste. Quality green tea is picked around Pure Brightness (beginning around April 4–6)
and Grain Rain (beginning around April 19–21). The tea water is clear and the leaves remain green.
新鲜的茶叶经过烘烤以去除苦味。优质绿茶的采摘时间为清明前后(4 月 4 日至 6 日开始)，谷雨前后(4 月 19 日至 21 日开始)。茶水清
澈，茶叶保持绿色。
9 The temperature of tea water should be varied according to the type of green tea. Generally, it is the best if the water temperature is
of 85 Celsius degree.
茶水的温度应根据绿茶的种类而变化。一般来说，水温在 85 摄氏度是最好的
10 Well known types of green tea include Longjing from the West Lake, Biluochun from Wu County, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, Huangshan
Maofeng from Mt. Huangshan in Anhui, and Junshan Silver from the Hills of Junshan, Dongting Lake, Hunan Province.
著名的绿茶品种包括西湖龙井、江苏苏州吴县碧螺春、安徽黄山毛峰、湖南洞庭湖君山银山。
11 The tonic effect of green tea has long been known. Its radiation-resistance effect makes it a top choice for people who sit before
computers for long hours. Since it reportedly helps keep one fit and has a whitening effect on skin color, women love it very much.
绿茶的滋补作用早已为人所知。它的抗辐射效果使它成为长时间坐在电脑前的人的首选。据报道，它有助于保持健康，对肤色有美白
作用，因此女性非常喜欢它。
12 Black tea is fermented tea. Unlike green tea, it does not lose its fragrance easily so it is suitable for long-distance transportation. This
may explain why it was exported to the West. It is believed to warm the stomach and is good in autumn and winter.
红茶是发酵茶。不像绿茶，它不容易失去其香味，所以它适合长途运输。这也许可以解释为什么它被出口到西方。它被认为是温暖的
胃，在秋天和冬天是好的。
13 The most famous black tea include Qi Hong, Dian Hong and Ying Hong. Hong means red. It is called Hong Cha, red tea, in Chinese.
最著名的红茶包括祁红、滇红和映红。香港红。在中国，它被称为红茶。
14 Qi Hong originates from Qimen, Anhui Province. It has been the favorite black tea among Chinese black tea connoisseurs since it was
developed in 1876. By 1939 this type had accounted for one-third of the black tea consumed in China. Qi Hong, Darjeeling from India
and Uva from Sri Lanka are the world’s three major types of black tea.
祁红发源于安徽省祁门。自 1876 年问世以来，它一直是中国红茶鉴赏家最喜爱的红茶。到 1939 年，这种类型的红茶已占中国红茶消
费量的三分之一。祁红、印度大吉岭茶、斯里兰卡乌瓦茶是世界上三大红茶品种。
15 Dian Hong is from Yunnan as Dian is the short name for Yunnan. The area’s favorable climate ensures the widespread production of
black tea, especially in southern and western areas.
滇红来自云南，滇是云南的简称。该地区良好的气候保证了红茶的广泛生产，特别是在南部和西部地区。
16 Ying Hong is from Yingde, Guangdong. The British royal family enjoyed its unique sweetness with the flavor of milk.
英红来自广东英德。英国皇室享受着牛奶特有的甜味。
17 Oolong tea reminds tea gourmets of gongfu tea, which features a whole set of tea wares from a small oven to a pot and tiny cups.
Gongfu means skill. Tea is poured into tiny cups one by one. The mellowness of oolong tea as well as that of friendship is strengthened
as time passes by. The three major oolong growth areas are Fujian, Guangdong, and Taiwan. Tieguanyin has become the representative
of oolong tea although the most precious is Dahongpao (Big Red Robe), which was once used as a tribute.
乌龙茶让喝茶的人想起了功夫茶，它的特点是一整套茶具，从一个小炉子到一个壶和小杯子。武术意味着技能。茶被一个接一个地倒
进小杯子里。随着时间的流逝，乌龙茶的醇厚和友谊的醇厚得到了加强。乌龙茶主要生长在福建、广东和台湾。铁观音已经成为乌龙
茶的代表，虽然最珍贵的是大红袍，它曾被用作贡品。
18 Tea compressed into the shape of brick is called brick tea. It is very popular among the Tibetan, Mongolian and Uygur for making yak
butter tea or milk tea. For nomads, it is easy to transport. There are many places in China producing brick tea, including Hunan, Hubei,
Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Sichuan is the largest producer, while Pu-erh tea is grown in Yunnan province.
Pu-erh has come into vogue among white-collar workers in major cities owing to its unique earthy mellowness.
茶被压缩成砖的形状叫做砖茶。牦牛酥油茶和奶茶在藏族、蒙古族和维吾尔族中很受欢迎。对于游牧民族来说，交通很方便。中国有
许多产砖茶的地方，包括湖南、湖北、四川、云南和广西壮族自治区。四川是最大的茶叶产地，而普洱茶产于云南省。普洱茶以其独
特的泥土醇厚，在各大城市的白领中流行起来。
19 Scented tea is a mixture of flowers with green tea, black tea or oolong tea. The flowers include jasmine, orchid, plum, gardenia, rose,
and sweet-scented osmanthus with jasmine being the most popular. There are strict rules about the proportion of flowers to tea. If there
are too many flowers, the scent of flowers will dilute that of tea; if too few, the tea is not perfect. Scented tea is sweet, pleasant and
delightful to the palate. Fuzhou in Fujian Province and Suzhou in Jiangsu Province have long been famous for jasmine tea.
花茶是花与绿茶、红茶或乌龙茶的混合物。这些花包括茉莉花、兰花、李子、栀子花、玫瑰和桂花，其中茉莉花最受欢迎。花和茶的
比例有严格的规定。如果花太多，花的香味会冲淡茶的香味;如果太少，茶就不完美。花茶香甜可口，口感怡人。福建的福州和江苏的
苏州一直以茉莉花茶而闻名。
20 The Chinese have a saying: “Firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea are the seven necessities to begin a day.” Though tea is last
on the list, we still can see its importance in daily life.
中国人有句话说:“柴米油盐酱醋茶是一天开始的七样必需品。”虽然茶排在最后，但我们仍然可以看到它在日常生活中的重要性。
21 A simple meal in Chinese is Cu Cha Dan Fan, namely coarse tea and bland dinner. Even a simple meal is finished off with tea, so its
importance is obvious.
在中国，一顿简单的饭是粗茶淡饭，即粗茶和清淡的晚餐。即使是简单的一餐也以茶结束，所以它的重要性是显而易见的。
22 For the Chinese, tea drinking and tasting are not the same. Tea drinking is for refreshment and tonic effect. Tea tasting has cultural
meaning. Tea and tea wares should match surrounding elements such as breeze, bright moon, pines, bamboo, plums and snow. All these
show the ultimate goal of Chinese culture: the harmonious unity of human beings with nature.
对于中国人来说，喝茶和品茶是不一样的。饮茶是为了提神补益。品茶具有文化意义。茶叶和茶具应与周围的环境元素相匹配，如微
风、明月、松树、竹子、李子和雪。这些都体现了中国文化的终极目标:人与自然的和谐统一。
23 Tea is compared to personal character. Its fragrance is not aggressive; it is pleasant and lasting. A friendship between gentlemen is
also like a cup of tea. With a cup of tea in hand, enjoying the green leaves in a white porcelain cup, you will feel peace. Fame, wealth and
other earthly concerns are far away. It is the symbol of elegance.
人们把茶比作人品。它的香味没有侵略性;它是愉快和持久的。君子之间的友谊就像一杯茶。手里拿着一杯茶，在一个白色的瓷杯里享
受着绿叶，你会感到平静。名望、财富和其他世俗的关注都是遥远的。它是优雅的象征。
24 Tea is regarded as the most Zen-like drink. As early as in the Tang Dynasty, a reputed Zen master answered three monks of different
status with “Go and have your cup of tea!” This same answer was meant to clear up the perceived inequality among monks. After all, we
all are born equal.
茶被认为是最像禅宗的饮料。早在唐朝，一位著名的禅师就对三位地位不同的和尚说:“去喝杯茶吧!”同样的答案是为了消除僧侣之间的
不平等。毕竟，我们生来平等。
25 Aside from mention in specific how-to books, tea is frequently discussed in poems and novels and appears in paintings.
除了在具体的操作手册中提到，茶还经常出现在诗歌和小说中，并出现在绘画中。
26 In The Dream of the Red Chamber, one of the four ancient Chinese classic novels, the author, Cao Xueqin revealed his knowledge of
and insight into tea, as well as his knowledge of the tea-drinking customs of the Qing Dynasty
在中国古代四大名著之一的《红楼梦》中，作者曹雪芹透露了他对茶的知识和洞见，以及他对清朝饮茶习俗的了解。
27 People of varying ages or status had tea made with different water in various wares. Miao Yu, a nun in the novel, treated her aristocratic
friends with either well-preserved rainwater from the previous summer or with snow water collected from snow on plum blossoms! This
tasteful interest was a privilege of the past when the air was free of pollutants.
不同年龄和地位的人用不同的水和不同的器皿泡茶。小说中的修女缪玉，用去年夏天保存完好的雨水和梅花上收集的雪水招待她的贵
族朋友。这种高雅的兴趣是过去空气中没有污染物时的特权。
28 We also find from the novel that Thai tea was imported to China and enjoyed by the rich. One of the heroines from the wealthiest
family in the city was bold enough to dislike this; the rebellious hero also made negative comments about the tea. Maybe it had less to
do with its taste than with their psychological makeup.
我们还从小说中发现，泰国茶是进口到中国的，并为富人所喜爱。城里最富有的家庭里有一位女英雄，她大胆地不喜欢这样;这位叛逆
的英雄也对茶做出了负面的评价。也许这与他们的口味关系不大，而与他们的心理构成关系更大。
29 Tea is a mysterious but harmonious combination; it is spiritual as well as material, and invigorating as well as pacifying. Its character is
variable in different environments. For example, when it goes in a different direction, a different tea culture is formed. In Japan, the
rigorous tea ceremony reflects the nation’s character of making full use of resources, and here tea also represents peace of mind. In the
West, tea with sugar and milk may be served with desserts to create a leisurely and romantic atmosphere.
茶是一种神秘而和谐的组合;它是精神上的，也是物质上的，是令人振奋的，也是令人平静的。它的特性在不同的环境中是可变的。例
如，当茶向不同的方向流动时，就形成了不同的茶文化。在日本，严谨的茶道体现了一个民族充分利用资源的性格，这里的茶也代表
着内心的平和。在西方，加糖和牛奶的茶可以搭配甜点，营造一种悠闲浪漫的氛围。
30 Similarly, tea-drinking habits vary in different parts of China. Roughly, scented tea is popular in northern China; green tea is preferred
in eastern China, and black tea is optimum for people in Fujian and Guangdong.
同样，中国各地饮茶习惯也不尽相同。大致说来，花茶在中国北方很受欢迎;中国东部地区的人喜欢喝绿茶，而福建和广东的人最喜欢
喝红茶。
31 Notably, tea drinking is very popular in Hong Kong and Guangdong Province. Though dim sum, the true highlight of Yum Cha, is what
attracts gourmets, tea is an essential part of the meal.
值得注意的是，饮茶在香港和广东省非常流行。虽然点心是 Yum Cha 最吸引美食家的地方，但茶是必不可少的一部分。
Reading C
In Hot and Liquid Times
Manas Das
1 Time for you and time for me, And time yet for a hundred indecisions, And for hundred visions and revisions, Before the taking of a
toast and tea. — T.S. Eliot, The Love Song of
J Alfred Prufrock
1 时间给你和时间给我，还有一百个犹豫不决的时间，对于百视觉和修订，在采取祝酒和茶之前。 - T.S. 艾略特，爱情之歌
2．Ralph Waldo Emerson, a 19th century genius, once said, “There is a great deal of poetry and fine sentiment in a chest of tea.” Going
by the number of accolades heaped on the hot drink that stimulates but not inebriates, tea can safely be called literature’s favourite brew
and tea-scenes and tea drinking are found aplenty in the works of all great writers and poets. Nineteenth century stalwart Thomas De
Quincey praised tea as “synonymous with civilised behaviour, decorous conversation and graceful hospitality”, while the Russian writer
Alexander Pushkin felt “Ecstasy is a glass full of tea and a piece of sugar in the mouth”. Another Russian writer, Dostoyevsky, in his Notes
from Underground , said, “I say let the world go to hell, but I should always have my tea.”
19 世纪的天才拉尔夫·沃尔多·艾默森（Ralph Waldo Emerson）曾经说过，“茶叶中有大量的诗歌和精致的情感。”根据鼓励而不是醉酒
的热饮的赞誉数量，茶可以安全地 在所有伟大的作家和诗人的作品中都可以看到被称为文学最喜欢的酿造和茶场和喝茶。 十九世纪
坚定的托马斯德昆西称赞茶是“文明行为的代名词，高雅的谈话和优雅的款待”，而俄罗斯作家亚历山大普希金则感到“迷魂药是一杯装
满茶和口中的糖”。 另一位俄罗斯作家陀思妥耶夫斯基在他的“地下笔记”中说：“我说让世界变得地狱，但我应该总是喝茶。”
3Tea has brought cheer and joy to people all over the world for years. Nineteenth century English essayist, wit and Anglican cleric Sydney
Smith wrote, Thank God for tea! What would the world do without tea! How did it exist? I am glad I was not born before tea.” The
Chinese drank tea for medicinal value and, later, as a refreshing beverage. Lu Tung (790 –AD 835), a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote,
“The first bowl sleekly moistened throat and lips,/The second banished all my loneliness,/ The third expelled the dullness from my
mind,/Sharpening inspiration gained/from all the books I have read./The fourth brought forth light perspiration,/Dispersing a lifetime’s
troubles through my pores./The fifth bowl cleansed every atom of my being,/The sixth has made me kin to the immortals./The seventh …
/I can take no more.”
茶多年来为世界各地的人们带来了欢乐和欢乐。 十九世纪英国散文家，机智和英国圣公会神职人员悉尼史密斯写道，感谢上帝喝茶！
如果没有茶，世界将会做些什么！ 它是如何存在的？ 我很高兴我没有出生在茶之前。“中国人喝茶具有药用价值，后来又作为清凉饮
料。 唐代诗人陆东（790-AD 835）写道：“第一碗光滑润湿喉咙和嘴唇，第二碗消除了我的孤独感，/第三碗驱逐了我的沉闷，/锐化了
所获得的灵感 /从我读过的所有书籍./第四次带来了轻微的汗水，/通过我的毛孔分散了一生的烦恼./第五碗清洗了我的每一个原子，/
第六碗让我与神仙的亲属./第七...... /我不能再接受了。
4 The Japanese elevated tea drinking to a fine art in their tea ceremonies, while Dutch traders were the first in Europe to drink tea and
their ships carried most of the Wonder Blatt in the 16th century. In 1669, the East India Company started bringing tea to England fromJava.
By the 18th century tea had emerged as a triumphant and dominant beverage in Europe. Its devotees in the Western world included
royalty and eminent personalities, as well as commoners. Over the centuries, poets, writers and philosophers like William Cowper, Samuel
Johnson, Samuel Pepys and Confucius lauded tea in high terms. Johnson drank gallons of it and described himself as a “hardened and
shameless tea drinker” who has “for twenty years diluted his meals only withthe infusion of this fascinating plant; whose kettle has scarcely
time to cool; who with tea amuses the evening, solaces the midnight, and welcomes the morning”.
日本人在茶道上将茶叶提升为精美艺术品，而荷兰商人是欧洲第一个喝茶的商人，他们的船只在16世纪运载了大部分的Wonder Blatt。
1669 年，东印度公司开始从贾瓦向英国带来茶叶。 到了 18 世纪，茶叶已成为欧洲的一种胜利和主导饮料。 它在西方世界的奉献者
包括皇室成员和知名人士，以及平民。 几个世纪以来，像威廉考珀，塞缪尔约翰逊，塞缪尔佩皮斯和孔子这样的诗人，作家和哲学家
高度赞扬了茶。 约翰逊喝了加仑，并形容自己是一个“硬化和无耻的茶饮者”，他“只用这种迷人的植物注入二十年来稀释他的饭菜; 他
的水壶几乎没有时间冷却; 那个晚上喝茶的人，在午夜过夜，并欢迎早晨“。
5 Tea addict Rudyard Kipling felt entirely lost without his usual cup, “We had a kettle, we let it leak;/Our not repairing it made it worse:/We
haven’t had any tea for a week;/The bottom is out of the universe.” Tea drinking in England was fostered by royal patronage during the
Augustan age and lavish tea parties would be thrown by the nobility.
But it was only after the marriage of Charles II to Portuguese princess Catherine in 1662 that tea drinking really began to catch on.
Edmund Waller, then poet laureate, extolled both the Queen and her favourite drink on her birthday, “Venus her myrtle, Phoebus had his
ways;/ Tea both excels, which she vouchsafes to praise.” Tea became almost an institution during the reign of Queen Anne (1702–
1714) who was a tea aficionado. In Rape of the Lock,Alexander Pope wrote, “Here thou great Anne, whom three realms obey,/
Dost sometimes counseltake,and sometimes tea.”
茶瘾者 Rudyard Kipling 感觉完全失去了没有他平常的杯子，“我们有一个水壶，我们让它泄漏; /我们不修复它使它变得更糟：/我们一
周没有喝茶; /底部是没有 在奥古斯都时代，皇家的庇护使得英格兰的饮茶成为可能。贵族们会抛出奢华的茶话会。
但是，直到 1662 年查理二世与葡萄牙公主凯瑟琳结婚后才开始喝茶。 当时的诗人桂冠埃德蒙·沃勒（Edmund Waller）在生日那天赞
美女王和她最喜欢的饮料，“维纳斯她的桃金娘，菲比斯有他的方式; /茶都擅长，她保证赞美。”茶在统治时期几乎成了一个机构。 安
妮女王（1702-1714）是一位茶艺爱好者。 在“强奸之锁”一书中，亚历山大·波普写道：“这里有伟大的安妮，三个领域都遵守，有时甚
至是咨询，有时是茶。”
6 Tea-scenes are remarkable in their frequency in the works of Dickens, Jane Austen and the Bront sisters. At teatime would-be lovers
exchanged longing glances; mothers chose suitors for their daughters and rivals traded veiled insults in polite singsong tones. At the
centre of every social situation in Austen’s novels, one finds tea. In Emma, Miss Bates said, “No coffee, I thank you, for me? Never take
coffee? a little tea if you please.”In Pride and Prejudice, one of the supreme honours Mr. Collins can envision Lady Catherine bestowing
on Elizabeth Bennet and her friends is drinking tea with her, and among many Dickensian scenes involving tea, mention can be made of
the tortured interaction between Pip and Estella in Great Expectations.
在狄更斯，简奥斯汀和勃朗特姐妹的作品中，茶场的频率非常高。 在下午茶时间，可爱的情侣们互相盼望着; 母亲为女儿选择了追求
者，而竞争对手则以礼貌的歌声交换了侮辱性的侮辱。 在奥斯汀小说的每一个社会情境的中心，人们都会找到茶。 在艾玛，贝茨小
姐说，“没有咖啡，我感谢你，对我来说？ 永远不要喝咖啡？ 如果你愿意的话可以喝一点茶。“在傲慢与偏见中，柯林斯先生可以想象
凯瑟琳夫人给予伊丽莎白班纳特和她的朋友们最高荣誉之一就是和她一起喝茶，在许多涉及茶的狄更斯场景中，可以提到 在远大前程
中 Pip 和 Estella 之间折磨的互动。
7 Poetry had already started proclaiming the superiority of tea over wine. Donald Campbell’s Poem on Tea (1735) made lofty claims, “Tea
is the liquor of the fair and wise,/It cheers the mind without the least disguise/But wine intoxicates and wrongs each sense/Sweet, innocent
mild tea gives no offence.” Later on, in the first half of the 19th century, the temperance movement of reformers advocated tea drinking
as an alternative to the prevailing alcoholism. An anonymous champion of prohibition asserted, “A dish of tea more pleases me,/Yields
softer joys, provokes less noise/And breeds no base design.” And in Dickens’s Pickwick Papers (1827), the Wellers, father and son, both
anti-prohibitionists, voiced their alarm at the popularity of tea.
诗歌已经开始宣称茶的优越性超过了葡萄酒。 唐纳德坎贝尔的“茶之诗”（1735 年）提出了崇高的主张，“茶是公平和明智的酒，/它在
没有最少伪装的情况下为心灵欢呼/但葡萄酒的醉酒和错误每一种感觉/甜蜜，无辜的温和茶都没有冒犯。 “后来，在 19 世纪上半叶，
改革者的节制运动主张喝茶作为流行酗酒的替代品。 一位匿名的禁酒冠军声称，“一道茶更让我高兴，/产生更柔和的乐趣，减少噪音
/并且不会产生任何基础设计。”而在狄更斯的匹克威克论文（1827 年）中，焊工，父亲和儿子都反对 - 禁酒主义者，对茶的普及表
示震惊。
8 Coleridge was an avowed tea-addict. Once, asked how many cups he drank, he replied, “Cups! I don’t count by cups, I count by pots.”
And Shelley wrote, “The liquid doctors rail at and that I/Will quaff in spite of them and when I die/Will toss up which died first of drinking
tea.” An anonymous Victorian poem rejects the “fleeting bliss” of wine. in favour of a cup of tea that “soothes each aching pain and
restores the sick to health again”. This is an early endorsement of the therapeutic value of tea.
柯勒律治是一个公认的茶瘾者。 有一次，问他喝了多少杯，他回答说，“杯子！ 我不算杯子，我算数盆栽。“雪莱写道，”液体医生指
着我和我将会不顾一切，当我死的时候将扔掉，先喝掉茶就死了。“ 一首匿名的维多利亚诗歌拒绝了葡萄酒的“转瞬即逝”。 赞成喝一
杯茶，“舒缓每一次疼痛，让病人恢复健康”。 这是对茶的治疗价值的早期认可。
9 Tea continued to find favour with later writers. Henry James (1843–1916) wrote, “There are few hours in life more agreeable than the
hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea.” G.K. Chesterton asserted, “Tea, although an Oriental/Is a gentleman at least;/
Cocoa is cad and coward,/Cocoa is a vulgar beast.” Famous English dramatist Arthur Pinero (1855–1934) exclaimed, “While there is tea,
there is hope.”
茶继续受到后来作家的青睐。 亨利·詹姆斯（Henry James，1843-1916）写道：“生命中的几个小时比下午茶仪式的时间更加令人愉快。”G.K。
切斯特顿声称，“茶，虽然是东方人/至少是绅士; /可可是 cad 和懦夫，/可可是庸俗的野兽。”英国着名剧作家亚瑟·派恩罗（1855-1934）
惊呼：“虽然有茶，但那里有是希望。“
10 The story of tea in literature cannot be complete without a reference to the poetry inspired by the historic Boston Tea Party. In
December 1773, a group of indignant Americans, disguised as Red Indians, boarded three tea-importing ships docked at Boston harbour
and threw 342 chests overboard. This was in protest against the tea tax levied on America by the British. The event is beautifully rendered
in Emerson’s famous poem, Boston, “The cargo came and who could blame,/If Indians seized the tea,/And chest by chest let down the
same/Into the laughing sea?/For what avail the plow or sail/If land, or life, or freedom fail?”
如果没有参考历史性的波士顿茶党启发的诗歌，文学中的茶的故事就不可能完整。 1773 年 12 月，一群愤怒的美国人伪装成红色印第
安人，登上了停靠在波士顿港口的三艘进口茶叶船，向船上扔了 342 箱。 这是为了抗议英国对美国征收的茶税。 这个活动在爱默生
着名的诗歌波士顿精美呈现，“货物来了，谁可以责怪，/如果印第安人抓住茶叶，/胸部胸部放下同样的东西/进入大笑的海洋？/为了
什么有用的犁或 帆/如果土地，生活，或自由失败？”
11 Tea played its part in political and social history, too. It was one of the major commodities on which the East India Company built its
trade and empire, and the tax on it acted as the spark plug to the American War of Independence waged against Britain in 1773. During
a summit conference between US President Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachov of the then USSR at Geneva, Nancy Reagan and Raisa
Gorbacheva had tea together and quietly influenced their respective husbands to make peace and not war! The cup that cheers is also a
low cholesterol diet drink, rich in minerals; and common people and scientists across the world are convinced of its many therapeutic
and medicinal properties.
茶也在政治和社会历史中发挥了作用。 它是东印度公司建立其贸易和帝国的主要商品之一，对它的征税是 1773 年对美国发动的美国
独立战争的火花塞。在美国总统罗纳德里根举行的首脑会议上 当时苏联在日内瓦的米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫，南希·里根和拉伊莎·戈尔巴
乔娃一起喝茶，悄悄地影响了各自的丈夫，以实现和平，而不是战争！ 欢呼的杯子也是低胆固醇饮食，富含矿物质; 世界各地的普通
人和科学家都相信它具有许多治疗和药用特性。
12 The overview that emerges is that tea is the drink of today and tomorrow. If one were to look for a beverage that stimulates the body
and mind, apart from being a healthy drink, tea is, indeed, a cup that cheers, cures and cares, as Faith Greenbowl wrote, “Steam rises
from a cup of tea/and we are wrapped in history,/inhaling ancient times and lands,/comfort of ages in our hands.”
出现的概述是茶是今天和明天的饮料。 如果一个人想要一种刺激身心的饮料，除了是一种健康的饮料外，茶确实是一个欢呼，治疗和
关心的杯子，正如 Faith Greenbowl 所写，“蒸汽从一杯茶中升起/ 我们被包裹在历史，/吸入古代和土地，/在我们手中的舒适岁月。“
