建立模型的第一步通常是创建或导入要模拟的设施的平面图,因此向Flexsim中导入平面图是非常有用的操作,因为,在模拟模型中放置3D对象时,平面图可以作为参考,导入Flexsim后会带有吸附点,可以使您的仿真模型与需要建模的设施的物理现实息息相关。
The first step in building a model is usually to create or import a floor plan of the facility to be simulated, so importing a floor plan into Flexsim is a very useful operation because the floor plan can be used as a reference when placing 3D objects in the simulation model. With snap points, you can tie your simulation model to the physical reality of the facility that needs to be modeled.
而且平面图可确保模型的准确性,两个对象之间的距离有时候会影响模拟模型中的数据质量。不准确的话可能会更改将流动物料从一个位置步行到另一个位置所需的时间,时间上微小差异的累加,从而导致结果的偏差。
And while the floor plan ensures the accuracy of the model, the distance between two objects can sometimes affect the quality of the data in the simulation model. Inaccuracies can change the time it takes to walk a flowing material from one location to another, adding up to small differences in time and skewing results.
那么比较理想的平面图文件便是AutoCAD工程图,通常会含有.dwg的文件格式。
Then the ideal floor plan file is an AutoCAD drawing, which usually contains a .dwg file format.
导入前需要对平面图文件进行一定的改进及设置:
Before importing, some improvements and settings need to be made to the floor plan file:
1.删除所有不必要的信息,AutoCAD 文件经常包括许多仿真不需要的信息。通常,仿真需 要的是一个基本布局。删除与仿真无关的信息将使您的模型更加清晰,并减轻图形一定显卡负担,更容易构建和展示模型。一般情况下考虑删除文本,要确保文件导入之后不会出现任何可能引起问题的意外元素。
1. Remove all unnecessary information, AutoCAD files often include a lot of information that is not needed for simulation. Often, a basic layout is required for simulation. Removing information that is not relevant to simulation will make your model clearer and reduce the burden on your graphics card, making it easier to build and present your model. In general, consider removing text to ensure that there are no unexpected elements that might cause problems after the file is imported.
选中对象如图所示被标记后,直接delete即可,或者单击右键删除。
After the selected object is marked as shown in the figure, you can delete it directly, or right-click to delete it.
2. 按Flexsim单位调整比例。AutoCAD经常以英寸为单位,可能需要重新缩放平面图文件,使其在flexsim中正常工作。
2. Adjust the scale in Flexsim units. AutoCAD is often measured in inches and it may be necessary to rescale the floor plan file to make it work correctly in flexsim.
按照下面的步骤,就可以了解需要调整的比例
Follow the steps below to get an idea of the ratio that needs to be adjusted
①在 AutoCAD 中测量一段已知距离(_dist)。
Measure a known distance (_dist) in AutoCAD.
②使用等式: 调整系数 = FlexSim 距离/ ACAD 距离。
Use the equation: Adjustment factor = FlexSim distance / ACAD distance.
以本例为基准,我们可以查看AutoCAD文件的单位,单击右键,选择选项,在用户系统配置中确认单位,并计算比例因子,转换成flexsim单位米。
Taking this example as a benchmark, we can view the unit of the AutoCAD file, right-click, select the option, confirm the unit in the user system configuration, and calculate the scale factor and convert it into the flexsim unit meter.
要在AutoCAD 中调整实体比例,步骤如下:
To adjust entity scale in AutoCAD, follow these steps:
①选择需要调整比例的实体;
Select the entity whose scale needs to be adjusted;
②在命令提示栏里键入“_scale”或者在菜单中选择比例命令;
Type "_scale" in the command prompt bar or select the scale command in the menu;
③单击将移动的参考点;
Click the reference point to be moved;
④在命令提示栏中键入#,然后计算的比例因子中输入位置。
Type # in the command prompt, and then enter the position in Calculated Scale Factor.
3. 将实体移动到原点:AutoCAD 图形通常使用特定的坐标系绘制。这意味着实体通常不在 原点(0,0,0)附近。当导入一个平面图文件到Flexsim中时,根据其的定位方式,它被放置 在Flexsim的坐标系统中。所以如果AutoCAD文件原点距离实际图形非常远,那么当此文件被导入到Flexsim中时,它的布局也将距离Flexsim中模型的原点非常远。这对建模者来讲是非常受挫的。由于这个原因,需要移动AutoCAD实体到原点。
3. Move the entity to the origin: AutoCAD drawings are usually drawn using a specific coordinate system. This means that the entity is usually not near the origin (0,0,0). When importing a floor plan file into Flexsim, it is placed in Flexsim's coordinate system depending on how it is positioned. So if the AutoCAD file origin is very far from the actual drawing, then when this file is imported into Flexsim, its layout will also be very far from the origin of the model in Flexsim. This is very frustrating for the modeler. For this reason, it is necessary to move the AutoCAD entity to the origin.
步骤如下:
Proceed as follows:
①选中要移动的实体;
Select the entity to be moved;
②在命令栏中键入“_move” ,或者在菜单里选择移动命令;
Type "_move" in the command bar, or select the move command in the menu;
③指定参考点;
Specify the reference point;
④在命令栏里键入那个点放置的期望位置。
Enter the desired position of the point in the command bar.
今天的介绍就到这里就结束了,希望对大家的学习有一定的帮助。
Today's introduction ends here, I hope it will be helpful to everyone's study.
参考资料:《Flexsim中文用户手册》
哔哩哔哩,轮回Lumir,《干货小技巧04——CAD图纸导入全流程讲解》
英文翻译:Google翻译
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