Would 是常见的情态动词之一,我们对它的印象大部分是后面要加动词原形,然而它的用法之丰富不亚于介词。虽然它通常以 will 的过去式身份出现在我们的日常生活中,然而它的实际用法远远不止这个。越深入学习 would,你就会越爱上它。
1. would 用作 will 或 be going to 的过去式,意为“会,将,将会”,例如:
Even as a boy, he knew that he would succeed in life.
I thought it would rain so I brought my umbrella.
在直接引语中用 will,改成间接引语时常用 would,例如:
He said he would be here at eight o'clock.
They said that they wouldn't see us at the party.
2. 表示愿意,意为“愿,要,会,定要”,常用于否定句,例如:
His mother wouldn't let him go to the party.
He wanted a divorce but his wife would not agree.
My car wouldn't start this morning.
3. 表示过去常见的情况或习惯,意为“总是,老是”,相当于 used to;但 would 有时也用来表示某些习惯是极端的,此时常与频度副词 always 连用,例如:
When my parents were away, my grandmother would take care of me.
He'd always be the first to offer to help.
He would always send her strange birthday gifts.
注意,此时的 would 不能用来讨论过去的事实或状态,例如:
I used to live in Melbourne when I was a kid. (正确)
I would live in Melbourne when I was a kid. (错误)
基于过去的某一时间点,would 用来讨论此时间点后的将来,例如:
When I was young I thought that I would be really tall in years to come.
当我年轻的时候,我以为在未来的岁月里我会变得很高。
In London she met the man that she would marry one day.
Would 和 will 都可以表请求,但是 would 更正式、礼貌和委婉,例如:
Would you please help me? (更礼貌)
Would you open the door for me, please? (更礼貌)
Will you open the door for me, please?
1. 用于第二类条件句,用来谈论与将来相反或现在不可能的事情,例如:
If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.
If I were you, I wouldn't go out with that man.
2. 用于第三类条件句,用来谈论过去,描述一个没有发生的情况,并想象这种情况的结果,例如:
If we had left earlier, we would have been able to stop off for a coffee on the way.
如果我们早点走的话,我们就可以中途停下来喝杯咖啡了。
If the train hadn't been late, we would have arrived on time.
Wish + (that) + would + 不带 to 不定式,通常不用来谈论与我们自己有关的事或没人能改变的事,表达不耐烦或不满等情绪,例如:
I wish that he wouldn't smoke so much.
I wish you would come to see me more often.
1. Would 常与 like,love,prefer,rather 或 mind 等连用,表达想要什么或想做什么等,此时的 would 不能用 will 代替,例如:
I would like some coffee.
I would love to play for England again.
We would prefer to leave immediately.
She would rather go to the cinema.
Would you mind helping me?
2. 通常在疑问句中与 like 连用,表示礼貌地给予或邀请,例如:
Would you like a sandwich?
Would you like to come with us?
Would 和 had 都可以缩写为“'d”,但是 would 后面跟的是不带 to 不定式(动词原形),而 had 后面跟的是过去分词或带 to 不定式。