焊接接头的分类方法及基本类型
河北华洋钢管有限公司2021-06-09 14:33
焊接接头的类型有对接接头、T形接头、搭接接头和角接头等，主要根据焊接结构，焊缝厚度、焊缝强度要求和施工条件等情况来选择焊接接头。
The types of welded joints include butt joint, T-joint, lap joint and corner joint. The welded joints are mainly selected according to the welding structure, weld thickness, weld strength requirements and construction conditions.
焊接接头的作用：
Function of welded joint:
对接接头，受力均匀，强度高，外观平整美观，应用比较广泛，但对焊前的准备和组装要求高，搭接接头焊前准备简单，但产生的附加弯曲应力会降低强度，角接接头通常只起连接作用，用来传递工作载荷，T形接头用于空间类焊件，强度高。
Butt joint, with uniform force, high strength, smooth appearance and beautiful appearance, is widely used. However, the preparation and assembly requirements before welding are high. The preparation of lap joint is simple before welding, but the additional bending stress will reduce the strength. Fillet joint usually only plays a connecting role, which is used to transmit the working load. T-joint is used for space welding parts with high strength.
焊接坡口的作用
Function of welding groove
金属材料边缘加工成坡口，调节母材和填充金属的比例，使厚度较大的焊件能够焊透。
The edge of the metal material is processed into a groove, and the ratio of the base metal and the filler metal is adjusted, so that the thick weldment can be welded through.
焊接接头分类和基本类型
Classification and basic types of welded joints
1.焊接接头的分类方法
1.Classification method of welded joint
焊接接头由焊缝、熔合区、热影响区及其邻近的母材组成，焊接接头主要起两个作用，一个是连接，一个是传力。
The welded joint is composed of weld, fusion zone, heat affected zone and its adjacent base metal. The welded joint mainly plays two roles, one is connection, the other is force transmission.
2.焊接接头基本类型
2.Basic types of welded joints
根据焊接方法的不同，焊接接头可分为三类：熔焊接头、压焊接头和钎焊接头，焊接接头的基本类型可归纳对接接头、搭接接头、T形接头、端接接头和角接头。
According to different welding methods, welded joints can be divided into three categories: fusion welded joint, pressure welded joint and brazed joint. The basic types of welded joints can be summarized as butt joint, lap joint, T-joint, end joint and corner joint.
以上五种接头基本类型适用于熔焊，一般压焊采用搭接接头，部分情况下采用对接接头，对接接头一般用于高频电阻焊，搭接接头只在某些情况下使用。
The above five basic types of joints are suitable for fusion welding. Generally, lap joints are used for pressure welding, and butt joints are used in some cases. Butt joints are generally used for high frequency resistance welding, and lap joints are only used in some cases.
熔焊接头与坡口
Fusion welded joint and groove
熔焊中受力比较理想的接头形式是对接接头，将焊件边缘加工成各种类型的坡口，进行坡口对焊，可以确保焊接质量，减少焊接变形和焊接材料消耗。
Butt joint is an ideal joint form in fusion welding. The edge of weldment is processed into various types of groove for butt welding, which can ensure welding quality and reduce welding deformation and welding material consumption.
根据焊接接头的不同形状，坡口可分为基本型、混合型和特殊型三种。
According to the different shapes of welded joints, groove can be divided into three types: basic type, mixed type and special type.
基本坡口主要有I形坡口、单边V形坡口、V形坡口、J形坡口、U形坡口等。
The basic groove mainly includes I-shaped groove, unilateral V-shaped groove, V-shaped groove, J-shaped groove, U-shaped groove, etc.
特殊型坡口主要有卷边坡口、锁边坡口、带垫板坡口等。
Special groove mainly includes curling groove, locking groove, groove with backing plate, etc.
焊接接头的选择原则
Selection principle of welded joint
确保接头符合使用要求；焊接难度和焊接变形；制造施工单位具备施工要求的技术、人员和设备条件。
Ensure that the joints meet the requirements; Welding difficulty and welding deformation; The manufacturing and construction unit shall have the technical, personnel and equipment conditions required for construction.
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