Guizhou Echo｜一场盛宴吃三席？——仡佬族独特的“三幺台”文化
一种文化的生命力，源自对传统的继承与升华。居住在贵州北部的仡佬族人，自然也对饮食有着他们独到的见解。在这里一直传承着一种需要吃三巡才结束的独特宴席——仡佬“三幺台”。
The vitality of a culture comes from the inheritance and sublimation of traditions. The Kelao people living in the north of Guizhou have their own unique views on food naturally. There is a unique banquet that has been divided into three parts--"Sanyaotai".
“三幺台”是仡佬族人每逢嫁娶、寿庆、建房、节日、接待贵宾时的一种食俗仪式。“幺台”，在当地方言土话中是“结束、完成”的意味，而与“三”字相组合，便表达着“一次宴席，需要经过三席才会结束”的含义，故而有了“三幺台”之称。
"Sanyaotai" is an important traditional custom for the Kelao people in their daily life. "Yaotai" means "end"and "completion" in the local dialect, and when "yaotai" has been combined with the word "three", it expresses the meaning of "a banquet will be divided into three parts". It's the origin of "Sanyaotai".
第一席——茶席
茶席，又有“粗茶洗礼”之称，意在接风洗尘。茶席以喝茶、茶点为主。一碗特色的“油茶”，佐以各类素食糕点、果品等食用。
The tea banquet represents welcome to the guests. Firstly take oil-tea and some vegetarian food to alleviate the thirst and hunger from trips.
油茶是仡佬族的特色之一，以当地的“老鹰茶、苦丁茶”为原料，与花生、黄豆、大米等“茶米”在油锅中翻炒，再加入水进行煨煮。待到茶叶熬煮微烂，又会加入腊肉一起熬煮。直至茶叶煨成深褐色的粥状时，油茶便大功告成了。
Oil-tea is a special food of the Kelao people. The locals use Eagle tea and Kuding tea as raw materials, mix it with some ingredients like peanuts, soybeans, rice which were called "tea rice" and fry all ingredients in the oil pan. Then add water for simmering, and when the tea leaves are slightly well-cooked, preserved meat will be added for cooking together. Finally the tea and other materials have been cooked into dark brown porridge so that the oil-teais completed.
煮好的油茶通常是咸鲜的味道，与茶点一起食用，在暖胃的同时，也避免在第二席的饮酒之时是空腹的状态。这是一种独到的习俗、安排。
The cooked oil-tea usually tastes salt and umami, and it should be eaten with refreshments. It can warm stomach, and also helps guests avoid an empty stomach during drinking at the second table. It is a unique custom.
第二席——酒席
酒席，又有“八方醉酒“之称，意在乘兴而来。酒席以凉菜、自酿酒为主。美酒满杯，充分体现主人家待客热情，希望宾客在席中能吃好喝好。
The wine banquet is held for drinking cheerfully. There are eight people sitting at each table, and there are at least nine dishes on each table. The host and guests can drink freely and enhance their relationship.
酒席的菜品多为凉菜与卤菜，而酒多为自酿酒，入口温和且酒香浓厚。按当地习俗，凡举杯者，一般需要饮酒三杯，一杯敬客人，主人向每一位客人敬酒、欢迎，第二杯祝福酒，客人表示答谢、祝福，而第三杯为孝敬酒，由晚辈向长辈敬酒。
Dishes of the wine banquet are mostly cold dishes and stewed dishes, and the wine is self-brewed, which tastes warm and strong. According to local customs, those who toast generally need to drink three glasses of wine. The first glass is toasted for the guests. The second glass is toasted for thanks and blessing. The third glass is toasted by younger generation show filial respect for the elders.
饮酒之时，也正好是人们增进感情之时，觥筹交错间，友谊与亲情尽在眼前。待酒足茶酣，稍作休息，静候第三台的开始。
During the drinking, it is convenient to people promote their relationship with each other. Between toasting each other, friendship and kinship is gradually warmer. After the wine banquet, people can take a short rest and wait for the start of the third banquet.
第三席——饭席
饭席，又有“僚饭待客“之称，意在四方团圆。自然而然，饭席便是“三幺台”的正席了。这也是最为讲究的一台。
The meal banquet, which means reunion, is the most exquisite banquet. There are nine delicious dishes on each table to show respect.
散着热气且香气扑鼻的大菜此时便要上桌了。饭席的菜肴中一般都有当地特色的“灰豆腐”的身影。如今仡佬族人生活越来越好，只见各类大菜、硬菜此时轮番登场。鸡、鸭、鱼等各类菜品也齐聚桌上，色香味俱全。
The hot and delicious main courses are prepared for this moment. The dishes of this banquet generally contain "gray tofu", a kind of local specialty. Nowadays, the living quality of the Kelao people is getting better and better, and all kinds of main courses have been served on the table. Fine dishes, like chicken, duck, and fish, are gathered in the meal banquet, which are perfect in color, aroma and taste.
待大家酒足饭饱，起立离席，“三幺台”便“幺台”了。
When everyone is dined and wined to satiety, the "Sanyaotai" is really "Yaotai".
第一次参与如此独特的盛宴的浩明，会有什么样的奇妙体验？
本周日21:40 《有朋自远方来》遵义篇邀您一起享受这场三幺台盛宴！
What did Haoming experience going to sucha special party for the first time?At 21:40 on November 27th, Sunday"Be my Guest" - Chapter ZunyiCome and enjoy the "Sanyaotai" feast!
出品：贵州卫视国际传播中心
撰稿：刘宇琛
摄影：李荩杰
翻译：靳阳 李秋辰
一审：张旖洵
二审：田胤星 李秋辰
三审：余晓莹
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